The logo stage tells you Windows started loading, but it does not tell you which component failed. A recent update or storage problem may be relevant.
Protect your files first
Back up important files when possible. If the drive is encrypted, locate the BitLocker recovery key before recovery changes. Stop if storage appears to be failing or this is a work or school managed PC.
What to record
Exact logo stage, spinner behavior, last change, recovery-screen access, and disk detection.
The exact message, Windows version, and whether the desktop still opens matter more than a guess based on the symptom name.
Try these safer checks
Check whether Windows RE opens and review Startup Repair; keep a record of any message it returns.
Change one thing at a time. After each check, see whether the same symptom returns and write down what changed.
When to stop and get help
Stop repeated attempts if the drive disconnects or important data is not backed up.
If this is a work or school device, contact its administrator before changing managed settings.
Keep track of your checks
This checklist stays in this browser session. It is not sent to WinErrors.